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Table 2 Outcomes and complications

From: Intralesional injection treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids: a systematic review regarding outcomes

Reference

Volume reduction (percent of lesions)

Scar etiology

Method of scar height assessment

Symptoms (percent of patients)

Recurrence rate

Side effects

Follow-up (months)

Aggarwal H et al., 2008 [60]

Complete flattening (44 %)

Trauma (30)

N.A.

Symptomatic relief (88.9 %)

14 % (7 patients)

Ulceration (16 %)

18

Burn, vaccination, postoperative (10)

Pain (30 %)

(Bleomycin)

Hyperpigmentation (14 %)

No particular histories (10)

Ahuja RB and Chatterjee P, 2013 [61]

Complete flattening [VSS mean value = 0] (100 %)

Foruncle/post-infective (14)

VSS/Caliper

0 %

Pain (3 %)

6

Surgery (1)

Teleangectasia (9 %)

Burns (4)

Skin atrophy (18 %)

(Triamcinolone)

Trauma (3)

(Verapamil)

Complete flattening [VSS mean value = 0] (100 %)

Foruncle/post-infective (16)

VSS/Caliper

0 %

Pain (3.5 %)

6

Surgery (2)

Burns (4)

Trauma (4)

Espana A et al., 2001 [58]

Complete flattening (54 %)

Surgery (5)

N.A.

Itching eliminated (100 %)

15 % (2 patients)

Hyperpigmentation (15 %)

13

(Bleomycin)

Spontaneous (3)

Acne (2)

Vaccination (2)

Cut (1)

Griffith BH, 1966 [59]

Complete flattening (51 %)

Infection, surgery, vaccinations, burns, piercing, lacerations, spontaneous, varicella

N.A.

Symptoms eliminated (59 %) or reduced (41 %)

0 %

Skin atrophy (15 %)

10

(Triamcinolone)

Gupta S and Kumar B, 2001 [62]

>75 % flattening (58 %)

Burn, acne

N.A.

Symptoms eliminated (100 %)

0 %

Hypo/depigmentation (100 %)

9

(Cryosurgery)

Kang N et al., 2006 [63]

No changes in scar volume

Infection (1), assault (1), acne (2), coronary bypass graft (1)

Stereophotogrammetry

100 %

Pain (100 %)

6

Blistering and skin ulceration (80 %)

Swelling and bruising (100 %)

Pyrexia (20 %)

(Collagenase)

Kiil J, 1977 [64]

Complete flattening (93 %)

Vaccination, surgery, acne, varicella, piercing, spontaneous

N.A.

Itching eliminated (93 %)

50 %

Acne, menstrual irregularity, fluid retention and striae (percent not reported)

60

(Triamcinolone)

Kontochristopoulos et al., 2005 [65]

Complete flattening (5 %)

Acne, surgery, folliculitis, vaccination

N.A.

Itching resolution (% not defined)

47 %

Pain (100 %)

12

75 % flattening (40 %)

Skin ulcerations (30 %)

50 % flattening (40 %)

(5-Fluorouracil)

25 % flattening (10 %)

Hyperpigmentation (100 %)

0 % flattening (5 %)

Manuskiatti W and Fitzpatrick RE, 2002 [66]

Significant flattening (percent of flattening not reported)

Surgery (sternotomy)

Caliper

Pain (100 %)

8

Purpura (20 %)

(5-Fluorouracil)

(Triamcinolone)

Significant flattening (percent of flattening not reported)

Caliper

Pain (100 %)

8

Hypopigmentation (20 %)

Telangiectasia (20 %)

Skin atrophy (10 %)

Margareth Shanthi FX et al., 2008 [67]

Complete flattening [VSS scale]

Acid burns, trauma, surgery, acne, insect bite

VSS/Caliper

0 %

Hypo/hyperpigmentation

12

Menstrual irregularity

(Triamcinolone)

(Verapamil)

97 % flattening [VSS scale]

VSS/Caliper

0 %

Profuse sweating

12

Pain

Saray Y and Güleç AT, 2005 [68]

Complete flattening (73.3 %)

Surgery (10), sebaceous cyst (2), vaccination, acne, trauma

Caliper

Complete resolution of pain (67 %) and itching (80 %)

0 %

Pain (50 %)

19

>90 % flattening (6.7 %)

Ulceration (100 %)

(Bleomycin)

75–90 % flattening (13.3 %)

Hyperpigmentation (29 %)

50–75 % flattening (6.7 %)

Skin atrophy (21 %)

  1. N.A. not available, VSS Vancouver Scar Scale