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Table 2 Examples of trauma-induced inflammatory responses that are associated with and/or predictive of adverse patient outcomes

From: The diagnostic and prognostic value of systems biology research in major traumatic and thermal injury: a review

 

Increased risk of nosocomial infection

Development of sepsis

Development of MODS/MOF

Mortality

IL-6

Elevated levels at admission post blunt trauma [60]

Elevated levels following thermal injury [55, 56]

Elevated levels post severe trauma [43, 53, 94]

Elevated in non-survivors following thermal injury [10, 11, 45, 47] and TBI [42]

IL-8

 

Elevated levels following thermal injury [55, 56]

 

Elevated in non-survivors following thermal injury [10, 45, 47] and TBI [42]

IL-10

  

Elevated levels post severe trauma [43]

Elevated levels associated with increased risk of death post thermal injury [95] and TBI [42, 50]

IL1-RA

Elevated levels at admission post blunt trauma [60]

 

Elevated levels post severe traum [43, 94]

Elevated in non-survivors following thermal injury [11, 47]

MCP-1

Elevated levels at admission post blunt trauma [60]

  

Elevated in non-survivors following thermal injury [10, 11, 47]

  1. Abbreviations: IL interleukin, IL1-RA interleukin 1 receptor antagonist, MCP-1 monocyte chemoattractant protein, MODS multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, MOF multiple organ failure, TBI traumatic brain injury