Figure 4:

Induction of interleukins after honey exposure. Confluent monolayers of cells were treated as in Figure 3, and thereafter different interleukins were detected using the Cytokine antibody array kit from Panomics Inc. (see Methods). Bars are mean±SD of fluorescence arbitrary units from two independent experiments. For each interleukin type, values labeled with same letters are not statistically different, whereas different letters on bars indicate significant differences among groups according to Tukey’s test (P < 0.01).